Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome presents a complex set of symptoms, including insomnia, depression, anxiety, substance abuse and problems in interpersonal relationships. Though most research has been conducted with men, the syndrome is found in both men and women, with women actually having a higher prevalence rate. 

In a randomized, prospective study conducted at the Denver Vietnam Veterans Outreach Program, the TM program was compared with psychotherapy in the treatment of post-Vietnam adjustment. After three months, the TM treatment group improved significantly from pretest to post test on eight variables, including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and family problems. The psychotherapy group showed no significant improvement on any measure.